A crucial function of the intestinal epithelial cells is the maintenance of barrier integrity, which allows the permeability of essential ions,nutrients,and water but restricts the entry of bacterial toxins and pathogens. The transport of molecules across the epithelial layer ours...

The human body has two major barriers -the gut barrier and the blood-brain barrier (BBB)- in addition to the placental barrier in pregnant females. The gut barrier regulates the flow of nutrients and signals molecules in the body and prevents...